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The Monty Hall Problem Applied to Betting on Horses

Recently I was playing an online version of Deal or No Deal because I had too much time on my hands. Basically, the premise of the game is that there are three doors and behind two are goats and behind one is a car. Statistically speaking, you would think that you have a 33% chance of winning, but I have beaten this game 61% of the time. I am not a good guesser I just understand statistical errors.

The part that I failed to tell you is that the host of the show allows you to switch doors after he eliminates the first door that you have not chosen, which essentially allows you to select two doors. This is a common statistical problem called the Monty Hall problem. You can and should wiki it.

So, why do I bring up the Monty Hall problem? It is because this problem illustrates the very principles behind handicapping most races.

When you handicap races it seems like your wins and losses were pretty random right? Well they are if you are a novice handicapper without any style of methodology.  The thing is that most races are won and lost based on a combination of chance and sound statistical principles. Let’s take a simple foundational principle and work from there.

Billy Bob the handicapper decides that reading complex past performances requires too much effort. He now decides that in races of six furlongs or less he will always pick the first of second horse projected to display the most early speed. His tie-breaker will be which horse has the higher TA Indicator.  You may very well lose more than you win, but your ROI would certainly go up hence making your investment worth it. What you would be doing essentially is playing the odds instead of going against them.

Another example of this methodology is what I call the longshot infatuation problem.  If you purely bet for the thrill of it-which I totally understand-please disregard what I am about to say.  The average handicapper tries to key a so called sure thing over a few longshots in order to score big. This is despite the fact that most studies done on betting show that playing the horse that you think has the best shot at winning across the board is a much smarter play. It makes sense. Imagine if you played 10 dollars to win, place and show on Zenyatta each time she ran. You would’ve probably earned a vacation to the Cayman Islands by now. Playing good horses across the board isn’t sexy, but it is the best way to beat the track, much better than the pick 6.

In order to have a realistic shot at winning the pick 6, you would have to select the three horses that you like the best and play all permutations of these three horses over 6 races.  That’s 729 tickets! Now, if you have the money to play 729 tickets and the pick 6 is big enough then be my guest and take down that pick 6, otherwise play solid horses across the board.

I try to pay as little attention to the odds and use my own handicapping methodologies as well as the TA Indicator to isolate the best horse. I then play that horse across the board. It’s not sexy but it works.

I know what you are thinking, handicapping contest winners don’t play across the board. You’re right-they don’t. Would you like to know what else handicapping contest winners don’t do; they don’t play more than two or three races at a particular track per day. The biggest key to being a good handicapper is knowing when to sit one out. I love the Kentucky Derby, but it was a crap shoot this year. Contrast this year to last year when everyone and their mother knew Orb was going to win. Some races are simply not meant for handicapping and some are.  Now with all of that said, I want you to occasionally ignore this sound advice because there are few things more fun than hitting a superfecta.

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It was nice knowing you Churchill Downs

I have long been a believer in the Warren Buffett school of gambling – bet only what you understand. I grew up around big name tracks, followed them more and understand them quite well. This is the main reason why you’ll rarely ever see me betting the non-winners of two, Golden Gate or Turf Paradise. Well, there is a change in the wind. With the takeout increase at Churchill Downs I am scaling back on big name tracks and ready to diversify.

In the beginning I’ll be at a disadvantage. I really have no clue how speed plays at Turf Paradise and whether or not Beulah Park has its own Johnny Velasquez. What I do know is that 50% of my handicapping can be automated. The first 50% of handicapping a horse race is looking at the TA Indicator and projecting the pace. Once I have done that, I’ve already narrowed down the three or four best horses and now I look for angles that tell me what the play is going to be. I admit, there is so much to gain from just being around certain tracks and knowing the tendencies of various trainers. I cannot stress how important handicapping trainers truly is. I do not know any of the trainers at Beulah Park. I think Lukas went there once, but I can’t be certain.

I look for horses with long odds and high TA Indicators. This is where the real handicapping starts. 75% of these horses are the real deal. The other 25% have accidentally “gamed” the algorithm and it is your job through research to decide which ones are which. The advantage of handicapping the big name tracks is knowing the people you are betting on. I know if there is a speed horse in a seven furlong race with Bejarano riding and a good TA indicator I should give that horse a look no matter what. I also know to disregard the TA Indicator if a horse is being trained by a trainer on a losing streak who happens to be pretty good.

Handicapping is 50% art and 50% science. The science can be automated through the software and we can provide the art. With all of this said, handicapping the little tracks is not the mount rushmore of handicapping it once was and we should all take advantage of that.

Analysis of Preakness Contenders

There’s something poetic about racing. There are so many stories to tell and things to discover. The game teaches us about ourselves and through this distinguishes itself from most other sports. In an earlier blog, I pointed out that the family of Betty Derr may be resurrecting itself to reclaim its place amongst racing’s elite families. I also mentioned that California Chrome and Bayern may be very underrated from a pedigree standpoint if this is true. Well, after watching the Kentucky Derby unfold I am almost certain that we are witnessing a rebirth. So, let’s get into my Preakness selections, though I think you have an idea who I am picking.

The Preakness has long had a history of favoring tactical speed. If we were to take the last five runnings of the race and map them by running style it would look like the chart below:

Year Win Place Show
2013 Frontrunner Stalker Closer
2012 Stalker Frontrunner Stalker
2011 Frontrunner Closer Stalker
2010 Stalker Frontrunner Frontrunner
2009 Stalker Deep Closer Deep Closer

 

The stalkers have captured this race three out of the last five times and the frontrunners have captured it twice. Honestly, I do not see things changing. Please do not pick a closer or deep closer to win this race. You will be burning money if you do this. Even if the first ¾ goes in 1:10 flat, I still see a stalker holding on for the win.

The Place spot is a tough one because it is less influenced by running style, or that is how it seems. The deep closer at the bottom of the chart was the very underrated Mine that Bird who at the time was at the peak of his powers. If there was a Wicked Strong or Danza in this race I would choose them, but there isn’t, so I’ll pass. Let’s play a frontrunner or stalker here as well.

Show is really won by the best remaining horse, so feel free to do as I will and play the best remaining horse.

How I see the Race

This is California Chrome’s race to lose. He won’t get the pace that he wants, but should be able to rate 4 off the lead and mount his bid when he gets to the top of the stretch. The question here is will the horse who gets the lead get brave on the lead and fight back. The second question is who will be the horse to take the lead.

The suspects

Pablo del Monte needs the lead. He does his best racing on the lead and doesn’t show any desire to have dirt kicked in his face- he could be Verrazano’s brother and in fact is closely related to him, but I digress. The reason why I don’t think Pablo Del Monte goes to the lead is belief. I don’t believe that Sanchez and Ward believe in him enough to employ such a risky strategy. I think they’ll try to rate and hang on for place or show.

Social Inclusion seems to do most of his best running on the lead as well. I think that they’ll send him on the lead but with the intention to back down if a speed duel develops. You might be asking why? Well, I don’t think he necessarily bounced in the Wood. I think he’s a mile and a sixteenth horse who is trying his best to stretch out and is having trouble doing so. They know he can steal this race if he gets an uncontested lead, but he can’t get the distance if he goes faster than ¾ in 1:10 and 2 and they know this.

Ring Weekend can benefit from having the lead. He’ll be sent to the lead if no one wants it, but he doesn’t have the raw speed to fight anyone for the lead. So, though I can see him getting the lead, it most likely isn’t going to happen for him.

General A Rod can run from almost anywhere. I really included him simply because Castellano is riding and we all know how aggressive he likes to ride. I could see Javier trying to steal this one on the lead, but he’s smart enough to back off if he senses a speeduel. I’ll handicap with the assumption that General A Rod will be extremely close to but not on the lead.

Bayern If he wants the lead he gets it. Given how much unnecessary flak Rosie Napravnik has taken for her ride aboard Vicar’s in Trouble, look for her to pull the reverse and send the great great great great grandson of Betty Derr to the lead. He could face resistance from General A Rod, but should be able to put him away pretty quickly. I’m handicapping with the assumption that they go ¾ in 1:10 and 2 and that may take its toll on the other frontrunners, but Bayern should be able to withstand this.

Ultimately, if this race goes anywhere close to how I think it’ll go I see California Chrome and Bayern putting on a show for the ages. Neither horse will want to give way and may do some serious damage to one another. If I have to choose, I’ll say that Chrome sticks his nose in front because he is the most talented three year old colt in the country and his distance relative the second most talented.

Breaking Down the Kentucky Derby

The TA Indicators for each of the Kentucky Derby Contenders have come out and have solidified some of my choices while making me more confused about others. So, I have decided to do what any confused handicapper does before the year’s biggest race. I will go through the race two furlongs at a time till I can envision one horse left holding the coveted blanket of roses.

The first quarter mile: The anticipation is brewing. You can almost feel it. Art Sherman, who has managed to stay calm the entire year is finally starting to feel the pressure. He is sweating buckets and it’s not even warm outside. Wicked Strong and Wildcat finally load. They’re off! Vicar’s in Trouble and Uncle Sigh battle for the lead but are somewhat sensible about their speed duel. There’s a break of two to California Chrome, Wildcat Red, Chitu and Samraat. Danza is thirteen back and Dance with Fate is 14 back. Things are about to get hectic!

The second quarter mile: Neither Vicar’s in Trouble nor Uncle Sigh want to back down. They each start to crank up the pressure on one another. This quarter is going to be a bit faster than the previous one. Victor Espinoza senses what is going on and drops a length and a half back from his previous spot and Martin Garcia follows suite. They are now both 3 and a half lengths back. Wildcat is still two back and then it’s a break of two more to a group of four horses. Wicked Strong is ten off the pace, Danza is maintaining position 13 back. Dance with Fate is still 14 back. The first half mile is fast but it isn’t suicidal.

The third quarter of a mile: Vicar’s in Trouble and Uncle Sigh are beginning to tire. They are holding on to the lead through sheer determination, but California Chrome is getting ready to mount his bid. Espinoza knows that he’ll have to go wide eventually and he’s biding his time. Danza is getting closer to the leaders as well. Chitu has maintained ground and isn’t showing signs of tiring. Wicked Strong has been bobbing and weaving through traffic and is now five off the lead. Dance with Fate has ten lengths to make up and Samraat is fading fast. Wildcat Red is now 6 lengths back and tiring with each stride. The contenders have begun to emerge and they are all keeping a close eye on one another. This is quickly shaping up to be a four horse race between California Chrome, Wicked Strong, Danza and Chitu.

The fourth quarter of a mile: Victor Espinoza and California Chrome strike to the lead! Chitu is right there just one length back and in an all-out drive. Wicked Strong is four back. Danza is 4 and a half back. Dance with Fate is picking off horses but not fast enough. Vicar’s in Trouble and Uncle Sigh have retreated back to the sea of also rans; the real race has begun. There’s just a quarter of a mile to go and it’s still a four horse race. Espinoza and Garcia both know they may have stalked the pace too sharply and neither one has enough horse underneath him. Joe Bravo decides to go to the whip first; forty yards later Garcia follows suit and twenty yards after that Maragh, and Espinoza join in. Larry Collmus gives the famous “and down the stretch they come!” Danza and Wicked Strong are running at California Chrome and Chitu like a pair of freight trains. Espinoza asks Chrome to dig deep but he’s spent. It’s all over for California Chrome. Garcia asks Chitu for more run and somehow he responds. Wicked Strong, Chitu and Danza are dead even across the track. They are battling for every yard and no one is giving up- 200 yards to go. Wicked Strong seems to find yet another gear and pulls ahead of Danza and Chitu who aren’t giving a length to each other. Wicked Strong wins by a length! It’s a photo between Danza and Chitu for second! Dance with Fate was fourth.

Evaluating the Chance of Winning for Every Contender in the Kentucky Derby

With the Kentucky Derby approaching, I feel that it is time to cut to the chase and share my opinion of the main contenders in the Derby and what their chances truly are. The way I usually handicap races is by making an initial assessment of the field and then taking a look at the TA indicators of each horse once they have been released. What this means is that my selections are subject to change based on any trends that the algorithm may uncover.

CALIFORNIA CHROME

Why he’ll win: This is a horse that really doesn’t like to lose. He loves sitting off the pace and kicking away from the field. If this race were at a mile and an eighth this would be a foregone conclusion. He is easily the most talented horse during the prep season and probably will not bounce as much as the so called experts suggest he will.

Why he’ll lose: This race will be the opposite of what the brave Cal bred likes to see. A mile and a quarter just isn’t his distance. The other problem is that it looks like the race will be run in ¾ in 1:10 2/5, and that isn’t something that Chrome will deal with very well. He will have a huge target on his back and will be carrying the hopes of an entire state, which sounds like a huge undertaking to me.

VICAR’S IN TROUBLE

Why he’ll win: He won’t.

Why he’ll lose: Oh boy, where do I begin? Too many horses want the lead. If Vicar’s gets the lead he becomes a dangerous horse. He has shown the ability to get the lead and hold off Grade 3 horses masquerading as Grade 1 horses, but true Grade 1 horses like Hoppertunity and California Chrome will wrestle the lead from him at some point. There is an off chance he can make the superfecta.

DANCE WITH FATE

Why he’ll win: The race sets up for him perfectly. He has no problem settling 12 lengths off the pace being covered by horses. He has tactical speed and has very little trouble getting the distance. Very few horses can quicken as well as he can. This race plays against what most of these horses like to do, yet plays toward Dance’s strengths. Though he is more lethal on turf/polytrack he will handle dirt well.

Why he’ll lose: He is one of the slower horses in the race, regardless of what any of the speed figure guys would have you believe. Very similar to a young Giacomo, but without a speed duel how effective would Giacomo have been in the Derby?

WICKED STRONG

Why he’ll win: The feel good story of this year’s derby is more than just a cuddly human interest story. This horse is by a router out of a router. He will fight for every single yard and will not give up. He also has one of the best jockeys in the business so he will be placed exactly where he needs to be. As far as bouncing is concerned, I don’t see it. He seems like he came out of the race just fine and should run back the exact same race as his Wood Memorial. I like his chances very much.

Why he’ll lose: His win in the Wood was his first win since October 26th! That win was his maiden. He doesn’t have a history of winning, but he has a history of running in regular races and the derby is closer to a war.

SAMRAAT

Why he’ll win: He has 5 wins and one second. He is the most consistent horse we have seen all year. The screws probably weren’t tightened enough in the Wood, but they will be in the Derby

Why he’ll lose: He didn’t seem to want more than a mile and an eighth. He also doesn’t seem to be more talented than Wicked Strong and though he has a great running style, he just can’t outkick great horses.

DANZA

Why he’ll win: From Who’s the Boss to the highly underrated Don Jon, anything Tony Danza touches turns to gold. The same can be said for Todd Pletcher. The horse also seems to want the distance more than most of these other horses.

Why he’ll lose: He simply seems like a talented horse who just ran his biggest race. I see him regressing by about four speed figure points and that should be enough to keep him out of the winner’s circle. If you didn’t show up to the wedding what is the point in showing up to the funeral?

HOPPERTUNITY

Why he’ll win: Timing is everything and the son of Any Given Saturday just gets stronger and stronger with every race. Considering that he barely trained for the Santa Anita Derby, his second place finish was remarkable! While his pedigree isn’t on the same level as Wicked Strong’s it happens to be more than enough to get the distance. He also won’t have a target on his back due to his running style and the fact that he is the Rodney Dangerfield of horses.

Why he’ll lose: Ever since the great Apollo, no horse who did not race as a two-year old has won the Derby. Apollo won the Derby in 1882…

INTENSE HOLIDAY

Why he’ll win: He is trained by Todd Pletcher and with all the parity in the race this year trainers matter.

Why he’ll lose: He isn’t fast enough.

WILDCAT RED

Why he’ll win: He has a ton of talent. Constitution is one of the better three year olds and he needed everything to hold of this speedy colt.

Why he’ll lose: The pace will be too much for him to handle. He is one of those horses that probably won’t deal with the pressure of the Derby very well and veer off track in the stretch.

WE MISS ARTIE

Why he’ll win: He has the talent of a young Da Hoss or Nijinsky’s Gold. Truly a remarkable turf horse.

Why he’ll lose: This race is on dirt.

RIDE ON CURLIN

Why he’ll win: He is by Curlin and has the demeanor to deal with the pressure of the Derby. He has gone toe to toe with some of the best and done well.

Why he’ll lose: The derby isn’t usually won by horses who have a history of being also-rans. The Derby is usually won by horses who have won one or two of their three most recent starts.

CHITU

Why he’ll win: Has anybody realized that this horse has lost once in four starts? He is a pure stalker who will not be adversely affected by the pace of the Derby. He always runs a great race and has shown a desire to run further. He doesn’t train very hard, but that means that he doesn’t get tired between races. He is the Derby darkhorse with a trainer who knows how to win this race because he has been there before.

Why he’ll lose: Not since Mine that Bird has the winner of the Sunland Derby gone on to win the Run for the Roses.

TAPITURE

Why he’ll win: He is just as talented as California Chrome but twice as inconsistent. If the good Tapiture shows up how can he lose? He knows how to settle behind fast fractions. He knows how to get a distance of ground. He knows how to beat great horses.

Why he’ll lose: I feel like the real Hoppertunity showed up to the Rebel and he lost to Hoppertunity. If he didn’t beat Hoppertunity then I doubt he will beat him now as Hoppertunity is only getting better.

RING WEEKEND

Why he’ll win: When Graham Motion wants to get a horse ready, he gets that horse ready. Ring Weekend will run through the bridle on the first Saturday in May.

Why he’ll lose: Even if you anticipate a four point increase over his most recent speed figures, he still doesn’t finish better than third. Mr. Motion may be bringing a horse that is just lacking in the talent department.

GENERAL A ROD

Why he’ll win: He will not.

Why he’ll lose: There are better horses in the race.

MEDAL COUNT

Why he’ll win: He will come running down the stretch like a freight train and will be one of the biggest beneficiaries of a pace breakdown. He is a one run horse who knows it, so he won’t be tweaking anything just for the Derby and could be a shocker.

Why he’ll lose: Every positive thing I have said about him applies to Dance with Fate times ten.

CANDY BOY

Why he’ll win: He has shown signs of brilliance in the past. He beat Chitu and that counts for something.

Why he’ll lose: The distance may challenge him and there are more talented horses in this race. Even if he moves forward off of the Santa Anita Derby, so will Hoppertunity.

UNCLE SIGH

Why he’ll win: He runs the occasional brilliant race.

Why he’ll lose: He hasn’t passed Samraat as yet, and there is a small chance that he’ll actually start now.

VINCEREMOS

Why he’ll win: He has a great running style.

Why he’ll lose: It isn’t enough to sit in 14th or 15th in the early stages of the race. You must pass horses at some point and he hasn’t shown a propensity for passing quality horses.

HARRY’S HOLIDAY

Why he’ll win: Are you seriously thinking of playing Harry’s Holiday? You should be ashamed of yourself!

Why he’ll lose: This isn’t his distance and isn’t his surface.

COMMANDING CURVE

Why he’ll win: He has no problem sitting way off of the pace and making one sustained run which is the only way horses without the necessary talent have a shot at winning races like this.

Why he’ll lose: There are better one run horses in this race.